{"id":1901,"date":"2021-06-29T12:06:49","date_gmt":"2021-06-29T16:06:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/md.rcm.upr.edu\/anatomyneurobiology\/?post_type=dt_team&#038;p=1901"},"modified":"2023-09-25T13:42:18","modified_gmt":"2023-09-25T17:42:18","slug":"dr-christian-bravo","status":"publish","type":"dt_team","link":"https:\/\/md.rcm.upr.edu\/anatomyneurobiology\/dt_team\/dr-christian-bravo\/","title":{"rendered":"Bravo, Christian, PhD"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row][vc_column][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column]<div id=\"ultimate-heading-441869dcbfc137d92\" class=\"uvc-heading ult-adjust-bottom-margin ultimate-heading-441869dcbfc137d92 uvc-6699 accent-subtitle-color\" data-hspacer=\"no_spacer\"  data-halign=\"left\" style=\"text-align:left\"><div class=\"uvc-heading-spacer no_spacer\" style=\"top\"><\/div><div class=\"uvc-main-heading ult-responsive\"  data-ultimate-target='.uvc-heading.ultimate-heading-441869dcbfc137d92 h2'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"desktop:30px;mobile_landscape:34px;\",\"line-height\":\"desktop:40px;mobile_landscape:44px;\"}' ><h2 style=\"font-weight:bold;color:#0a0a0a;margin-bottom:10px;\">Bravo, Christian, PhD<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"uvc-sub-heading ult-responsive\"  data-ultimate-target='.uvc-heading.ultimate-heading-441869dcbfc137d92 .uvc-sub-heading '  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"desktop:18px;mobile_landscape:20px;\",\"line-height\":\"desktop:34px;mobile_landscape:30px;\"}'  style=\"font-weight:bold;margin-bottom:30px;\">Joint Appointment<br \/>\nAssistant Professor at Department of Psychiatry<\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=&#8221;stretch_row_content&#8221; bg_type=&#8221;bg_color&#8221;][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/4&#8243;]<div class=\"ult-content-box-container \" >\t\t<div class=\"ult-content-box\" style=\"background-color:#545454;box-shadow: px px px px none;border-style:solid;border-width:5px;border-radius:5px;border-color:#545454;padding:10px;-webkit-transition: all 700ms ease;-moz-transition: all 700ms ease;-ms-transition: all 700ms ease;-o-transition: all 700ms ease;transition: all 700ms ease;\"  data-hover_box_shadow=\"none\"     data-bg=\"#545454\"  data-border_color=\"#545454\" ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-type=\"the7_shortcodes-inline-css\">.shortcode-single-image-wrap.shortcode-single-image-1424ebbf5a65d17157dbab0f4ec5f8fe.enable-bg-rollover .rollover i,\n.shortcode-single-image-wrap.shortcode-single-image-1424ebbf5a65d17157dbab0f4ec5f8fe.enable-bg-rollover .rollover-video i {\n  background: -webkit-linear-gradient();\n  background: linear-gradient();\n}\n.shortcode-single-image-wrap.shortcode-single-image-1424ebbf5a65d17157dbab0f4ec5f8fe .rollover-icon {\n  font-size: 32px;\n  color: #ffffff;\n  min-width: 44px;\n  min-height: 44px;\n  line-height: 44px;\n  border-radius: 100px;\n  border-style: solid;\n  border-width: 0px;\n}\n.dt-icon-bg-on.shortcode-single-image-wrap.shortcode-single-image-1424ebbf5a65d17157dbab0f4ec5f8fe .rollover-icon {\n  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.3);\n  box-shadow: none;\n}<\/style><div class=\"shortcode-single-image-wrap shortcode-single-image-1424ebbf5a65d17157dbab0f4ec5f8fe alignnone  enable-bg-rollover dt-icon-bg-off\" style=\"margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; width:300px;\"><div class=\"shortcode-single-image\"><div class=\"fancy-media-wrap  layzr-bg\" style=\"\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"preload-me lazy-load aspect\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D&#39;http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg&#39;%20viewBox%3D&#39;0%200%20300%20300&#39;%2F%3E\" data-src=\"https:\/\/md.rcm.upr.edu\/anatomyneurobiology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2021\/06\/Christian-Bravo.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/md.rcm.upr.edu\/anatomyneurobiology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/23\/2021\/06\/Christian-Bravo.jpg 300w\" loading=\"eager\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\"  data-dt-location=\"https:\/\/md.rcm.upr.edu\/anatomyneurobiology\/dt_team\/dr-christian-bravo\/christian-bravo\/\" style=\"--ratio: 300 \/ 300;\" alt=\"Dr. Christian Bravo\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div>[vc_empty_space][vc_column_text]<span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><strong>Contact Info<\/strong><\/span>[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"uavc-list-icon uavc-list-icon-wrapper ult-adjust-bottom-margin   \"><ul class=\"uavc-list\"><li><div class=\"uavc-list-content\" id=\"list-icon-wrap-4088\">\n<div class=\"uavc-list-icon  \" data-animation=\"\" data-animation-delay=\"03\" style=\"margin-right:5px;\"><div class=\"ult-just-icon-wrapper  \"><div class=\"align-icon\" style=\"text-align:center;\">\n<div class=\"aio-icon none \"  style=\"color:#ffffff;font-size:32px;display:inline-block;\">\n\t<i class=\"icomoon-the7-font-the7-mail-03\"><\/i>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><span  data-ultimate-target='#list-icon-wrap-4088 .uavc-list-desc'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  class=\"uavc-list-desc ult-responsive\" style=\"\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><a style=\"color: #ffffff;\" href=\"mailto:christian.bravorivera@upr.edu\">christian.bravorivera@upr.edu<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/div><\/li><li><div class=\"uavc-list-content\" id=\"list-icon-wrap-9804\">\n<div class=\"uavc-list-icon  \" data-animation=\"\" data-animation-delay=\"03\" style=\"margin-right:5px;\"><div class=\"ult-just-icon-wrapper  \"><div class=\"align-icon\" style=\"text-align:center;\">\n<div class=\"aio-icon none \"  style=\"color:#ffffff;font-size:32px;display:inline-block;\">\n\t<i class=\"icomoon-the7-font-the7-map-05\"><\/i>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><span  data-ultimate-target='#list-icon-wrap-9804 .uavc-list-desc'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  class=\"uavc-list-desc ult-responsive\" style=\"\"><span class=\"uavc-list-desc ult-responsive\" style=\"color: #ffffff;\" data-ultimate-target=\"#list-icon-wrap-2984 .uavc-list-desc\" data-responsive-json-new=\"{&quot;font-size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;line-height&quot;:&quot;&quot;}\">Medical Sciences Campus<br \/>\nDr. Guillermo Arbona Irizarry Bldg.<br \/>\n2nd Floor, A-231<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/div><\/li><li><div class=\"uavc-list-content\" id=\"list-icon-wrap-5633\">\n<div class=\"uavc-list-icon  \" data-animation=\"\" data-animation-delay=\"03\" style=\"margin-right:5px;\"><div class=\"ult-just-icon-wrapper  \"><div class=\"align-icon\" style=\"text-align:center;\">\n<div class=\"aio-icon none \"  style=\"color:#ffffff;font-size:32px;display:inline-block;\">\n\t<i class=\"icomoon-the7-font-the7-phone-071\"><\/i>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><span  data-ultimate-target='#list-icon-wrap-5633 .uavc-list-desc'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  class=\"uavc-list-desc ult-responsive\" style=\"\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">787-999-3057, 787-758-2525, x2420<\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\t\t<\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;3\/4&#8243;]<div id=\"ultimate-heading-512369dcbfc138aab\" class=\"uvc-heading ult-adjust-bottom-margin ultimate-heading-512369dcbfc138aab uvc-1650  uvc-heading-default-font-sizes\" data-hspacer=\"no_spacer\"  data-halign=\"left\" style=\"text-align:left\"><div class=\"uvc-heading-spacer no_spacer\" style=\"top\"><\/div><div class=\"uvc-main-heading ult-responsive\"  data-ultimate-target='.uvc-heading.ultimate-heading-512369dcbfc138aab h3'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"\",\"line-height\":\"\"}' ><h3 style=\"font-weight:bold;margin-bottom:30px;\">Research Interest:<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"uvc-sub-heading ult-responsive\"  data-ultimate-target='.uvc-heading.ultimate-heading-512369dcbfc138aab .uvc-sub-heading '  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  style=\"font-weight:normal;\">Prefrontal amygdala interactions, fear conditioning, active avoidance, cognitive neuroscience.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The labs mission is to:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>increase understanding of how the brain overcomes fear;<\/li>\n<li>train effective scientific thinkers who value communication and collaboration; and<\/li>\n<li>increase neuroscience practice in historically underrepresented countries.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Our lab studies the mechanisms of emotional regulation focusing on extinction of conditioned fear.\u00a0 Much of what is known about extinction comes from animal models using Pavlovian fear conditioning, where a tone stimulus is paired with a shock.\u00a0 One subregion of the prefrontal cortex, the infralimbic cortex (IL), is necessary for fear extinction (fear inhibition) whereas another mPFC subregion, the prelimbic cortex (PL), is necessary for fear expression.\u00a0 We suggest that IL inhibits fear by inhibiting amygdala output, whereas PL drives fear by increasing amygdala output.\u00a0 We examine these and related areas in fear conditioning as well as active avoidance of fear conditioned stimuli, using a variety of experimental techniques in behaving rats: cannulation of specific drugs, electrical stimulation, multichannel unit recording, immunocytochemistry, optogenetics, and computational modeling.\u00a0 Our research is funded by the National Institute of Mental Health, and is relevant to the treatment of anxiety disorders such as post-traumatic stress and obsessive-compulsive disorder.<\/div><\/div>[vc_empty_space]<div id=\"ultimate-heading-196669dcbfc138b19\" class=\"uvc-heading ult-adjust-bottom-margin ultimate-heading-196669dcbfc138b19 uvc-9229  uvc-heading-default-font-sizes\" data-hspacer=\"no_spacer\"  data-halign=\"left\" style=\"text-align:left\"><div class=\"uvc-heading-spacer no_spacer\" style=\"top\"><\/div><div class=\"uvc-main-heading ult-responsive\"  data-ultimate-target='.uvc-heading.ultimate-heading-196669dcbfc138b19 h3'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"\",\"line-height\":\"\"}' ><h3 style=\"font-weight:bold;margin-bottom:30px;\">Present Funding<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"uvc-sub-heading ult-responsive\"  data-ultimate-target='.uvc-heading.ultimate-heading-196669dcbfc138b19 .uvc-sub-heading '  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  style=\"font-weight:normal;\">NIH R01, R00<\/div><\/div>[vc_empty_space]<div id=\"ultimate-heading-648069dcbfc138b72\" class=\"uvc-heading ult-adjust-bottom-margin ultimate-heading-648069dcbfc138b72 uvc-6517  uvc-heading-default-font-sizes\" data-hspacer=\"no_spacer\"  data-halign=\"left\" style=\"text-align:left\"><div class=\"uvc-heading-spacer no_spacer\" style=\"top\"><\/div><div class=\"uvc-main-heading ult-responsive\"  data-ultimate-target='.uvc-heading.ultimate-heading-648069dcbfc138b72 h3'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"\",\"line-height\":\"\"}' ><h3 style=\"font-weight:bold;margin-bottom:30px;\">Selected Publications<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"uvc-sub-heading ult-responsive\"  data-ultimate-target='.uvc-heading.ultimate-heading-648069dcbfc138b72 .uvc-sub-heading '  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Stephenson-Jones M, <strong>Bravo-Rivera C<\/strong>, Ahrens S, Furlan A, Xiao X, Fernandes-Henriques C, Li B (2020) \u00a0Opposing Contributions of GABAergic and Glutamatergic Ventral Pallidal Neurons to Motivational Behaviors. Neuron. 2020 Mar 4;105(5):921-933.e5. doi: 10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.12.006. Epub 2020 Jan 13. PMID: 31948733; PMCID: PMC8573387.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bravo-Rivera C<\/strong>, Sotres-Bayon F (2020) From Isolated Emotional Memories to Their Competition During Conflict. Front Behav Neurosci. 2020 Mar 12;14:36. doi: 10.3389\/fnbeh.2020.00036. PMID: 32226364; PMCID: PMC7080848.<\/li>\n<li>Diehl MM, <strong>Bravo-Rivera C<\/strong>, Quirk GJ (2019) The study of active avoidance: A platform for discussion. Neurosci Biobehav Rev Dec; 107:229-237 doi: 10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2019.09.010. PMID: 31509767<\/li>\n<li><em>Mart\u00ednez-Rivera FJ, <\/em><strong>Bravo-Rivera C<\/strong>, Vel\u00e1zquez-D\u00edaz CD, Montesinos-Cartagena M, Quirk GJ (2018) Prefrontal circuits signaling active avoidance retrieval and extinction. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2018 Sep 27. doi: 10.1007\/s00213-018-5012-7. PMID: 30259076<\/li>\n<li>Diehl MM, <strong>Bravo-Rivera C<\/strong><em>, Rodriguez-Romaguera J<\/em>, Pagan-Rivera PA, Burgos-Robles A, Roman-Ortiz C, Quirk GJ (2018) Active avoidance requires inhibitory signaling in the rodent prelimbic prefrontal cortex. Elife. 2018 May 31;7. pii: e34657. doi: 10.7554\/eLife.34657 PMID: 29851381<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bravo-Rivera C<\/strong>, Diehl MM, Roman-Ortiz C, Rodriguez-Romaguera J, Rosas-Vidal LE, Bravo-Rivera H, Qui\u00f1ones-Laracuente K, Do-Monte FH (2015) Long-range GABAergic neurons in the prefrontal cortex modulate behavior. J Neurophysiol. 2015 Sep;114(3):1357-9. doi: 10.1152\/jn.00861.2014. Epub 2014 Dec 17. PMID: 25520436; PMCID: PMC4556857.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bravo-Rivera C<\/strong>, Rom\u00e1n-Ortiz C, Montesinos-Cartagena M, Quirk GJ (2015) Persistent active avoidance correlates with activity in prelimbic cortex and ventral striatum. Jul 15 2015 Front Behav Neurosci 9:184.<\/li>\n<li>Qui\u00f1ones-Laracuente K*, Hern\u00e1ndez-Rodr\u00edguez MY, <strong>Bravo-Rivera C<\/strong>, Mel\u00e9ndez RI, Quirk GJ (2015) The effect of repeated exposure to etanol on pre-existing fear memories in rats. Psychopharmacology, in press (PMID:26194914).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bravo-Rivera C<\/strong>, Roman-Ortiz C, Brignoni-Perez E, Sotres-Bayon F, Quirk GJ (2014) Neural structures mediating expression and extinction of platform\u2013mediated avoidance. J. Neurosci. 34:9736-9742.<\/li>\n<li>Pendyam S, <strong>Bravo-Rivera C<\/strong>, Burgos-Robles A, Sotres-Bayon F, Quirk GJ, Nair SS (2013) Fear signaling in the prelimbic-amygdala circuit: A computational modeling and recording study.\u00a0 J. Neurophysiology 110:844-861.<\/li>\n<li>Mueller D, <strong>Bravo-Rivera C<\/strong>, Quirk GJ (2010) Infralimbic D2 receptors are necessary for fear extinction and extinction-related tone responses. Biol Psychiatry 68(11):1055-1060.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/div><\/div>[vc_empty_space][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=&#8221;stretch_row_content&#8221; bg_type=&#8221;bg_color&#8221;][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/4&#8243;][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;3\/4&#8243;][vc_empty_space][vc_empty_space][vc_empty_space][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":1905,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","dt_team_category":[41],"class_list":["post-1901","dt_team","type-dt_team","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","dt_team_category-joint-appointment","dt_team_category-41","description-off"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/md.rcm.upr.edu\/anatomyneurobiology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/dt_team\/1901","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/md.rcm.upr.edu\/anatomyneurobiology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/dt_team"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/md.rcm.upr.edu\/anatomyneurobiology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/dt_team"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/md.rcm.upr.edu\/anatomyneurobiology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1901"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/md.rcm.upr.edu\/anatomyneurobiology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1905"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/md.rcm.upr.edu\/anatomyneurobiology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1901"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"dt_team_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/md.rcm.upr.edu\/anatomyneurobiology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/dt_team_category?post=1901"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}